Diastema

Diastema is the dental term for a space or gap between two teeth, most commonly seen between the upper central incisors. The gap may occur from differences in tooth size and jaw width, missing or undersized teeth, an enlarged or high labial frenum, childhood habits such as thumb-sucking, or periodontal (gum) disease, and it can affect appearance, speech, or oral health depending on the cause and size of the space.

Diagnosis involves a clinical examination and sometimes X-rays to identify underlying causes, and treatment is tailored accordingly; options include orthodontic approaches (braces or clear aligners) to move teeth, restorative solutions such as composite bonding, dental veneers or crowns to close or mask the gap, a bridge or implant if a tooth is missing, and a frenectomy when the frenum is the primary cause. Treatment choice depends on factors including the patient’s oral health, the size and cause of the diastema, and the desired cosmetic outcome.